高考英語特殊句式考點(diǎn)講解
2021-09-25 11:52:24高考網(wǎng)整理
高考英語特殊句式考點(diǎn)講解
高頻考點(diǎn)一、考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
例1、【2018·天津】It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
A. which B. that
C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意:只有當(dāng)汽車在我們房子前停下來我們才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。這里考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句,強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)為:It is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語、賓語或狀語)+ that/ who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人)+ 其他部分。本題強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故選B。
【變式探究】(2017?天津)It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.
A. who B. where C. which D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意:當(dāng)我回到我的公寓的時候,我首先遇見了我的新鄰居。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞It was開頭,后面連詞首選that,,構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,但需要驗(yàn)證,本句中去掉It was 和that,句意完整,所以確定是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。故選D。
【變式探究】You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel ________ the coach picks up tourists.
【答案】that 【解析】句意:你等錯地方了。長途汽車來賓館接游客。本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他。本句中at the hotel是被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分,缺強(qiáng)調(diào)句式中的that,故填that。
【變式探究】 Was it because Jack came late for school ______ Mr. Smith got angry?
A. why B. who C. where D. that
【考點(diǎn)】考察強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查的特殊句式中強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)“It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分that/who+其他成分”。本題強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分較為特殊,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是原因狀語從句because Jack came late for school。句意:斯密斯先生是因?yàn)镴ack上學(xué)遲到才生氣的嗎?故D正確。
【舉一反三】It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
A.when B.that
C.which D.what
【答案】B
【解析】句意:只有他看了論文之后,克洛斯先生才意識到擺在他面前的任務(wù)很難完成。本題為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,其結(jié)構(gòu)為:It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that...,故B項(xiàng)正確。
高頻考點(diǎn)二、考查倒裝句
例2.(2019·天津卷)The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class.
A.should they B.they should
C.dare they D.they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒裝和情態(tài)動詞。句意:教授警告學(xué)生說在他的課上絕對不應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)。on no account(絕對不)具有否定意義,置于句首時,句子應(yīng)使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu);再結(jié)合句意“不應(yīng)該”可知,應(yīng)選A。
【舉一反三】(2017?江蘇) _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it
C. It was D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虛擬語氣和倒裝。虛擬語氣中,be動詞統(tǒng)一用were;虛擬語氣的省略形式主要是把if省略,同時把were/should/had提前,即Were /Should/ Had I...,故選B。句意:要不是老師們的支持,該生是無法克服她自己的困難的。
【變式探究】Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage D. they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】句意:直到最近他們才鼓勵在農(nóng)村地區(qū)開展與旅游業(yè)有關(guān)的活動。當(dāng)not until所引導(dǎo)的時間狀語放在句首時,主句要使用部分倒裝。故C項(xiàng)正確。
【變式探究】No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had C. has Mo Yan D. Mo Yan has
【答案】A
【解析】本題中的固定句式no sooner… than…一…就…;當(dāng)否定詞放在句首的時候,主句中要使用部分倒裝的形式。句義:莫言一走上舞臺,觀眾就爆發(fā)出雷鳴般的掌聲。根據(jù)句義可知莫言走上舞臺是在觀眾鼓掌之前,而觀眾鼓掌已經(jīng)使用了一般過去時,在這之前的動作要使用過去完成時。同時要使用倒裝句式。故A正確。
【舉一反三】Only when you can find peace in your heart _____good relationships with others.
A. will you keep B. you will keep C. you kept D. did you keep
【答案】A
【解析】本題考察的是only的倒裝句。當(dāng)only放在句首,且強(qiáng)調(diào)的是狀語的時候,需要使用部分倒裝的形式。本題中only放在了句首,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時間狀語從句when you can find peace in your heart,所以后面的主句要使用倒裝句。D項(xiàng)的時態(tài)錯誤。句義:只有當(dāng)你取得內(nèi)心的安寧以后,你才可以和別人保持良好的關(guān)系。故A正確。
高頻考點(diǎn)三 主謂一致
例3.【2019·江蘇卷】 22.The musician along with his band members ___________ ten performances in the last three months.
A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give
【答案】B
【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時與主謂一致。句意:在過去的三個月里,這名音樂家與他的樂隊(duì)成員已經(jīng)完成了十場演出。由“in the last three months”可知,這句話的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時,故排除AD選項(xiàng)。本句主語為the musician,為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分,故謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選B。
【舉一反三】(2017·江蘇卷)The publication of Great Expectations,which________both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
A.is B.a(chǎn)re
C.was D.were
【答案】C
【解析】考查時態(tài)與主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,which指代Great Expectations這本書,故定語從句中的謂語動詞應(yīng)該使用單數(shù)形式;根據(jù)句中的strengthened可知,應(yīng)使用一般過去時態(tài)。故答案為C。
【舉一反三】It is important to remember that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day and often ________ years to achieve.
A.is;takes B.a(chǎn)re;takes
C.a(chǎn)re;take D.is;take
【答案】A
【解析】考查主謂一致。句意:重要的是要記住,成功是每天所做的一些小小的努力的總和,它常常需要很多年的時間才能實(shí)現(xiàn)。此處success是不可數(shù)名詞,作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù),故選A項(xiàng)。
【變式探究】The scientists claimed that only now and then ________ this kind of bird living in the wild.
A.they could see B.could they see
C.they have seen D.have they seen
【答案】B
【解析】考查時態(tài)和倒裝。句意:科學(xué)家們稱他們只是偶爾能看到處于野生狀態(tài)的這種鳥。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,“only+狀語”位于賓語從句句首,從句的主語和謂語應(yīng)用倒裝。結(jié)合句中的“claimed”“now and then”及選項(xiàng)可知,此處陳述過去的某種事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般過去時。故選B。
【變式探究】Among the biggest problems facing those remote mountainous villages ________ the lack of experienced teachers.
A.is B.a(chǎn)re
C.is there D.a(chǎn)re there
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒裝句和主謂一致。表示方位的介詞短語置于句首時,句子要用全部倒裝,而本題中的介詞短語“Among the biggest problems facing those remote mountainous villages”正是表示抽象的方位的,所以本句要用全部倒裝,而且主語為單數(shù)名詞the lack,故選A項(xiàng)。