2011暑假必備寶典之高一英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit15-16(14)

【考例2】(NMET 1996) The number of people invited

____ fifty，but a number of them ____ absent

fnr different reasons.

    A. were; was    B. was; was

    C. was; were    D. were; were

[考查目標(biāo)] 主謂一致。

[答案與解析] C  根據(jù)以上的解釋?zhuān)瑧?yīng)該選was；were。

【考點(diǎn)3】Having realized that I could use a kite to attract

Iightning, I decided to do an experiment. 意識(shí)到可以用

風(fēng)箏引來(lái)閃電之后，我便決定做個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。

該句中的having realized是v-ing形式的完成式在句中

作狀語(yǔ)。

v-ing形式在句中的主要作用是作狀語(yǔ)，having done表

示非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作先于渭語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作，而且要注

意非謂語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)之間存在著主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用hav—

ing done；非謂語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，

用having been done；其否定形式是在v-ing前加not。

例如：

Having finished his homework, the boy decided to play

football for a while. 做完了作業(yè)．他決定去踢一會(huì)兒

球。

Not having cleaned the classroom, they couldn't go

home. 還沒(méi)有打掃完教室，他們還不能回家。

Having been praised in class, the girl felt very happy.

那個(gè)姑娘在班上得到表?yè)P(yáng)，感到很高興。

【考例3】(2001上海春招) ____ from heart trouble

for years, Professor White has to take some medicine

with him wherever he goes.

    A. Suffered    B. Suffering

    C. Having suffered    D. Being suffered

[考查目標(biāo)]非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞v-ing。

[答案與解析]C  v-ing形式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是Professor

White，Professor White和suffer之間存在著主動(dòng)關(guān)

系，而且根據(jù)，for years，表示suffer 的動(dòng)作持續(xù)換了

多少年，所以用v-ing完成式表示原因。

[牛刀小試3]

1. He ____ to the railway station, only to find the

  train had been away for 5 hours.

     A. did go               B. had gone

     C. had to go            D. has gone

2.  ____ careful while crossing the street.

     A. Your being          B. To be

     C. Do be                D. Being

3. ____ of deaths from heart disease will be reduced

  greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and

  vegetables.

     A. The number         15. A number

     C. A lot of            D. Many

4. ____ in the queue for half an hour, Tom sudden-

  ly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (2004)

     A. To wait              B. Have waited

   C. Having waited    D. To have waited