高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專題訓(xùn)練[3]

來源：網(wǎng)絡(luò) 2009-09-03 16:22:54

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　　A qualified doct who rarely practiced but instead devoted his life to writing. He once said: “Medicine is my lawful wife, and literature is my lover.” Russian writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, was a great playwright and one of the masters of the modern short story.

　　When Chekhov entered the Moscow University Medical School in 1879, he started to publish hundreds of comic short stories to support his family. After he graduated, he wrote regularly for a local daily newspaper.

　　As a writer he was extremely fast, often producing a short story in an hour or less. Chekhov’s medical and science experience can be seen through the indifference(冷漠) many of his characters show to tragic events. In 1892, he became a full time writer and published some of his most memorable stories.

　　Chekhov often wrote about the sufferings of life in small town Russia. Tragic events control his characters who are filled with feelings of hopelessness and despair.

　　It is often said that nothing happens in Chekhov’s stories and plays. He made up for this with his exciting technique for developing drama within his characters. Chekhov’s work combined the calm attitude of a scientist and doctor with the sensitivity(敏感) of an artist.

　　Some of Chekhov's works were translated into Chinese as early as the 1940s. One of his famous stories, The Man in a Shell, about a school teacher’s extraordinarily orderly life, was selected as a text for Chinese senior students.

　　1. Anton Pavlovich Chekhov ________.

　　A. had a lawful lover

　　B. was an illegal writer

　　C. used to be a lawyer

　　D. was a competent doctor

　　2. In 1880, Chekhov ________.

　　A. became a full-time writer

　　B. studied medicine in Moscow University

　　C. practiced medicine in his hometown

　　D. published his most memorable stories

　　3. Which of the following adjectives can’t be used to describe Chekhov?

　　A. Sensitive.

　　B. Cool.

　　C. Quick-minded.

　　D. Warm-hearted.

　　4. Which of the following is the right order of the events?

　　a. became a doctor

　　b. became a full time writer

　　c. started to publish comic short stories

　　d. wrote regularly for a local daily newspaper.

　　e. entered the Moscow University Medical School

　　A. e→c→a→d→b

　　B. d→a→b→c→e

　　C. e→c→b→a→d

　　D. a→e→c→b→d

　　（二）

　　“Children who eat less salt and drink fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks may significantly lower their risks of obesity,” researchers recently reported in the journal Hypertension.

　　“Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are a significant source of calorie intake in children,” said Feng J. He, a researcher at St George’s University of London, England. “It has been shown that sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption is related to obesity in young people.” They wanted to know whether there is a link between salt intake and sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption.

　　Dr He and colleagues analyzed data from a 1997 national survey of more than 2,000 people between 4 and 18 in Britain. “We found that children eating a lower-salt diet drank less fluid,” said He. “From our research, we estimated that 1 gram of salt cut from their daily diet would reduce fluid intake by 100 grams per day.”

　　The researchers also found that children eating a lower-salt diet drank fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks. From their research, they predicted that reducing salt intake by 1 gram each day would reduce sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption by 27 grams per day, after. “If children aged 4 to 18 cut their salt intake by half, there would be a decrease of about two sugar-sweetened soft drinks per week per child, so each child would decrease calorie intake by almost 250 kilocalories per week,” Dr He said.

　　In previous studies, researchers found that a low-salt diet lowers blood pressure in children, and prevents the development of high blood pressure later in life. “Both high blood pressure and obesity increase the risk of having strokes and heart attacks,” Dr He said.

　　Dr He recommends that parents check labels and choose low-salt food products. “Small reductions in the salt content of 10 to 20 percent cannot be detected by the human salt taste receptors (感受器) and do not cause any technological or safety problems,” Dr He said.

　　5. According to the passage, obesity is directly linked to ______.

　　A. high-salt foods

　　B. sugar-sweetened soft drinks

　　C. high blood pressure

　　D. strokes and heart attacks

　　6. Compared with previous studies, the recent one found that ______.

　　A. a lower-salt diet may mean less sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption

　　B. a low-salt diet keeps children out of high blood pressure

　　C. children face the risk of having strokes and heart attacks

　　D. low-salt food products do not do harm to people’s health

　　7. Which of the following statements would Dr He agree to?

　　A. The less salt people eat, the healthier people become.