高考英語閱讀理解專題訓練[4]

　　（一）

　　Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age.

　　The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age.

　　“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age,” said the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.

　　“Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,” said Goldspink. “This is part of the ageing process.”

　　What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one’s.

　　“This gender difference might just explain why women live longer than men,” said Goldspink. They studied more than 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80, focusing on healthy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease. “The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart,” said Goldspink.

　　The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.

　　1. The underlined word “longevity” in the second paragraph probably refers to “________”.

　　A. health

　　B. long life

　　C. ageing

　　D. effect

　　2. The text mainly talks about ________.

　　A. men’s heart cells

　　B. women’s ageing process、

　　C. the gender difference

　　D. hearts and long life

　　3. According to the text, the UK scientists have known that ________.

　　A. women have more cells than men when they are born

　　B. women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat

　　C. the female heart loses few of the cells with age

　　D. women never lose their pumping power with age

　　4. If you want to live longer, you should ________.

　　A. enable your heart to beat much faster

　　B. find out the reason for ageing

　　C. exercise regularly to keep your heart healthy

　　D. prevent your cells from being lost

　　5. We can know from the passage that ________.

　　A. the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out

　　B. scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells

　　C. the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss

　　D. women over 70 could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20

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　　Wugging, or web use giving, describes the act of giving to charity at no cost to the user. By using Everyclick.com, which is being added to a number of university computers across the UK, students can raise money every time they search, but it won’t cost them a penny.

　　Research shows that students are extremely passionate about supporting charity — 88% of full time students have used the Internet to give to charity. This age group is often the least likely to have their own income. 19% of 22 to 24 year olds have short-term debts of more than ￡5,000. With rising personal debt levels in this age group, due to university tuition fees or personal loans and a lack of long-term savings, traditional methods of donating to charity are often not appealing (有感染力的) or possible.

　　Beth Truman, a 21 year old recent university graduate, has used Everyclick.com to donate to her chosen charity, the RSPCA, for two years and has seen the “wugging” movement grow in popularity with students. “When you’re at university you become more socially aware, but it’s sometimes hard to give to others when you have little money yourself,” says Beth. “Wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give to charity, without costing them a single penny.”

　　Wugging is perfect for people who want to be more socially aware and supportive but don’t feel they have the means to do so. Students using the web can raise money for causes they care about without costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a valuable source of funding.

　　Everyclick.com works like any other search engine, allowing users to search for information, news and images but users can decide which of the UK’s 170,000 charities they would like to support through their clicks. Everyclick.com then makes monthly payments to every registered charity. Launched in June 2005, Everyclick.com is now the eighth largest search engine and one of the busiest charity websites in the UK.

　　6. According to the passage, “wugging” is actually ______.

　　A. a website       

　　B. a charity-related action

　　C. a school organization 

　　D. a student movement

　　7. In the case of charity, Everyclick.com ______.

　　A. frees students of the financial worries

　　B. receives much money from students

　　C. offers valuable information to students

　　D. praises students for their money-raising

　　8. What does Beth Truman think of the “wugging” movement?

　　A. It makes Everyclick.com popular in the UK.

　　B. It becomes easy to do charity because of it.

　　C. It results in students’ more social awareness.

　　D. It helps students to save money.

　　9. From the passage, we can conclude that ______.

　　A. most full time students do charity on the Internet every day

　　B. Everyclick.com helps students pay for the college education

　　C. “wugging” is a win-win idea for both students and charities

　　D. Everyclick.com is the most successful search engine in the UK

　　10. What would be the best title for this passage?

　　A. “Wugging”, a new popular term on the Internet.

　　B. British people show strong interest in charity.

　　C. More Britain charities benefit from the Internet.

　　D. Students raise money for charity by “wugging”.

　　【答案與解析】

　　1. B 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第 1 段的第 1 句 Why do men die earlier than women 及全文內(nèi)容可猜出，本題的正確答案選 B。

　　2. D 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第 1 段的第 2 句 …the reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age 和第 2 段中的 women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age 及全文內(nèi)容可知，本題的正確答案選 D。

　　3. C 事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第 5 段的第 1 句 What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells 可知，本題的正確答案選 C。

　　4. C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的第 1 句 The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise 及文章主題可知，本題的正確答案選 C。

　　5. B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第 2 段中的 The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart 可推知，本題的正確答案選B。

　　6. B。從第一段中可知，“wugging”是指通過“web use”針對“charity”的“giving”，因此B項理解最準確。

　　7. A。通過第三段可知，Everyclick.com讓經(jīng)濟拮據(jù)的學生實現(xiàn)了不出錢也可以做慈善，因此A項正確。

　　8. B。從第三段中“it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give to charity”可知B項正確。

　　9. C。從倒數(shù)第二段可知，學生和慈善團體均受益于Everyclick.com，因此C項正確。

　　10. D。“wugging”、“students”和“charity”是該文話題中的三個重要元素，因此D項標題最具針對性