125個(gè)易混淆的成人學(xué)位英語(yǔ)詞匯詳解(2)
2009-03-12 16:53:41網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源
16.advantage, benefit, profit
advantage 常指一種使某人處于比其他人相對(duì)有利的地位,機(jī)會(huì)或時(shí)機(jī)。如:He had the advantage of good education. (受過(guò)良好的教育對(duì)他十分有利。)
profit 多指報(bào)償或報(bào)償性的收入。如Did you make any profit last year? (你去年賺錢(qián)了嗎?)
benefit 指物質(zhì)利益或精神方面的好處。如:I get no personal benefit from the business.(我個(gè)人從這家企業(yè)中并不獲益。)
17.advise, convince, persuade
均可表“勸說(shuō)”。
advise表建議,規(guī)勸某人應(yīng)該做某事或如何做。如:He advised me to put my money in the bank. (他勸我把錢(qián)存入銀行。)
convince指向某人陳述事實(shí),運(yùn)用推理或邏輯證明使某人信服。如:We convinced Smith to go by train rather than plane. (我們說(shuō)服了史密斯乘火車(chē)而不乘飛機(jī)前往。)
persuade指用感情說(shuō)服某人去做某事。如:I persuaded him to go back to work. (我說(shuō)服他回去工作了。)
18.affect, effect
affect影響(動(dòng)詞)。如Smoking affects health.
effect效果,影響(名詞)。如:Government policy will not have any effect on us.
19.afford, provide, supply
都有“提供,供給”的意思。
afford一般只用于抽象事物。
provide 和supply意思相同,兩個(gè)詞都和with連用,構(gòu)成provide /supply somebody with something的結(jié)構(gòu)。
20.agree, consent
agree 為常用詞。如:Do you agree to the condition? (你同意這個(gè)條件嗎?)
consent為正式用詞,多用于上下級(jí)的關(guān)系,表示同意別人的要求或請(qǐng)求。如:Did the king consent to your plan?(國(guó)王同意你的計(jì)劃嗎?)
21.aid, help, assist
用作動(dòng)詞均可表“幫助”。
aid為正式用詞,help最常用。
assist最正式,表示協(xié)助某人做某事,尤指在體力上或具體事務(wù)上幫助和扶持。如:She employed a woman to assist her with the housework. (她雇了一名婦女幫她做家務(wù)。)
22.alive, living, live
alive 指雖有死的可能,但仍活著,一般只作表語(yǔ)。
living可用于人或物,作定語(yǔ)時(shí)可前可后。
live只做前置定語(yǔ),用于動(dòng)物和個(gè)別事物前。
23.almost, nearly
一般說(shuō)來(lái),almost比nearly 表示的意思更接近“開(kāi)始”、“完成” (目標(biāo))等。
在all, every, always 前,兩者都可用。如:He is almost (nearly) smoking. (他幾乎每天抽煙。)
almost可同never, no, nobody, none, nothing 連用,而nearly卻不能。如:Almost no one believed her. (幾乎沒(méi)人相信他。)
24.alone, lonely
alone只表“獨(dú)自”的客觀狀態(tài),沒(méi)有感情色彩,只作表語(yǔ);lonely表“孤獨(dú)”,:“寂寞”,能作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。如:When she is left alone, she feels lonely. (剩下她一人時(shí)她就感到寂寞。)
alone, only均可表“只有”,但alone須置于被修飾詞之后,only往往置于被修飾詞前。如:He alone (Only he) can remember the story. (只有他才能記起這段經(jīng)歷。)
25.already, all ready
already已經(jīng)(副詞)。如:The plane had already landed before we got to the airport.
all ready準(zhǔn)備好的(作表語(yǔ))。如:We were all ready to leave when the telephone rang.
26.alter, change
作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),兩者可通用。
作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),alter是對(duì)局部,表面的改變,而change則是對(duì)本質(zhì)的,全面的,徹底的改變。如:Can you alter the dress? (你會(huì)改做這件衣服嗎?)Can you change the dress?(你能給我更換這件衣服嗎?)
27.altogether, all together
altogether總計(jì),總共。如:Altogether there are six of us. (我們總計(jì)六人。)
all together 全都在一起。如:We played the game all together. (我們大家都一起來(lái)玩游戲吧。)
28.amaze, astonish, surprise
都可作及物動(dòng)詞,意思相近,一般都是以事物作主語(yǔ),人稱作賓語(yǔ)。
amaze強(qiáng)調(diào)“使驚訝”,有時(shí)還有“驚嘆”,“佩服”等意。
astonish表示“使大吃一驚”,“幾乎使人無(wú)法相信”之意。
surprise只表“出乎意料之外”。
29.among, between
among 在……中間(三者或三者以上之間)。如:Our house is hidden among trees.
between在兩者之間。如:It is easy to distinguish between a Japanese and a Chinese.
30.announce, declare
announce指宣布公眾期望或與公眾有關(guān)的事情,含有預(yù)告的意味。如:The government announced that they would pay their debts. (政府宣布將償還債務(wù)。)
declare指正式負(fù)責(zé)地宣布,聲明,通常用于莊重的場(chǎng)合。如:The judge declared him guilty.(法官宣布他有罪。)