2025年高考英語考點(diǎn)典型陷阱題分析-時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)
來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理 2024-11-12 19:04:42
典型高考英語陷阱題詳解-時(shí)態(tài)
1. “I _________ his telephone number.” “I have his number, but I _________ to bring my phone book.”
A. forget, forget B. forgot, forgot C. forget, forgot D. forgot, forget
【陷阱】容易誤選A,認(rèn)為“忘記”是現(xiàn)在的事。
【分析】仔細(xì)體會(huì)一下對(duì)話的語境:第一個(gè)人說“我忘記他的電話號(hào)碼了”,這個(gè)“忘記”應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在的情況,即現(xiàn)在忘記了,要不然就沒有必要同對(duì)方說此話了,故第一空應(yīng)填 forget;第二個(gè)人說“我有他的號(hào)碼,但我忘記帶電話本了”,這個(gè)“忘記”應(yīng)該是過去的情況,即過去忘記帶電話本,所以現(xiàn)在電話本不在身上(注意句中的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞 but),故第二空應(yīng)填 forgot,即答案選應(yīng)C。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏匆焕?/p>
— Oh, I _________ where he lives.
— Don’t you carry your address book?
No, I _________ to bring it.
A. forget, forget B. forgot, forgot C. forget, forgot D. forgot, forget
答案選C,理由同上。
2. Dear me! Just _________ at the time! I _________ no idea it was so late.
A. look, have B. looking, had C. look, had D. looking, have
【陷阱】此題容易誤選D,認(rèn)為第一空用現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨,第二空填 have 的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),以保持與前面時(shí)態(tài)的一致性。
【分析】其實(shí),此題應(yīng)選C,第一空應(yīng)填 look, 因?yàn)檫@是祈使句的謂語;第二空應(yīng)填 had,因?yàn)榍耙痪湔f“看看時(shí)間吧”,這一看當(dāng)然知道了現(xiàn)在很遲的情形,“不知道這么遲了”顯然應(yīng)是“過去”的事,故應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài),許多同學(xué)由于忽略這一隱含的語境而誤選。
3. Mr Smith _________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he has finished it.
A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing
【陷阱】容易誤選B或C。
【分析】此題應(yīng)選D,這是由 but I don’t know whether he has finished it 這一句話的語境決定的,全句意為“史密斯先生去年在寫一本書,但我不知道他現(xiàn)在是否寫完了”。有的同學(xué)可能由于受 last year的影響而誤選B。但若選B,則句子前半部分的意思則變?yōu)?ldquo;史密斯先生去年寫了一本書”,既然是“寫了”,那么這與下文的“但我不知道他現(xiàn)在是否寫完了”相矛盾。
4. He has changed a lot. He _________ not what he _________.
A. is, is B. was, was C. is, was D. was, is
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案選C,上文說“他”變化很大,即“他”現(xiàn)在不是過去的那個(gè)樣子了,故第一空填is,第二空填 was(其實(shí)第二空也可用 used to be)。請(qǐng)看類例:
“What place is it?” “Haven’t you found out we _________ back where we _________?”
A. were, had been B. have been, are C. are, were D. are, had been
答案選C,We are back where we were 的意思是“我們(現(xiàn)在)又回到剛才來過的地方”。
5. The bridge, which _________ 1688, needs repairing.
A. is dated from B. was dated from C. dates from D. dated from
【陷阱】此題容易誤選B或D,認(rèn)為句中用了 1688 這個(gè)過去時(shí)間,所以應(yīng)選過去時(shí)態(tài),又因?yàn)?date from 不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài),所以只能選D。
【分析】其實(shí)此題的最佳答案應(yīng)是C,因?yàn)?date from 的意思是“自某時(shí)起存在至今”(=have existed since),它通常用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而不用過去時(shí)態(tài)(盡管其后接的總是表示過去的時(shí)間)。如:
The church dates from 1176. 這座教堂是六世紀(jì)建的。
The castle dates from the 14th century. 這座城堡是14世紀(jì)建的。
但若所談?wù)摰臇|西現(xiàn)在已不復(fù)存在,則可用一般過去時(shí)。如:
The church, which dated from the 13th century, was destroyed in an earthquake two years ago. 那座教堂是13世紀(jì)建成的,兩年前在一次地震中被毀了。
注:與 date from 同義的 date back to 也有類似用法。
6. “You’ve left the light on.” “Oh, so I have. _________ and turn it off.”
A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone C. I go D. I’m going
【陷阱】容易誤選D。
【分析】A和D兩者均可表示將來,填入空格處似乎都可以。但實(shí)際上只有A是最佳的,因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)上下文的語境來看,“我去把燈關(guān)掉”這一行為是說話人聽了對(duì)方的話后臨時(shí)想到的,而不是事先準(zhǔn)備的。而按英語習(xí)慣:will 和 be going to后接動(dòng)詞原形均可表示意圖,但意圖有強(qiáng)弱之分,如果是事先考慮過的意圖,要用 be going to;如果不是事先考慮過的,而是說話時(shí)刻才臨時(shí)想到的意圖,則用 will。比較:
“I’ve come out without any money.” “Never mind, I will lend you some.” “我出來沒帶錢。” “沒關(guān)系,我借給你。”(句中用will lend,表示“借”錢給對(duì)方是臨時(shí)想到的,即聽了對(duì)方的話后臨時(shí)作出的反應(yīng))
I’ve bought a typewriter and I’m going to learn to type. 我買了臺(tái)打字機(jī),我想學(xué)打字。(句中用 be going to learn to type,表示說話人要學(xué)打字是事先準(zhǔn)備的,并為此買了臺(tái)打字機(jī))。
典型高考英語陷阱題詳解-被動(dòng)語態(tài)
1. “Do you like the material?” “Yes, it _________ very soft.”
A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt
【陷阱】此題容易誤選D,想當(dāng)然地根據(jù)“這布料摸起來很柔軟”這一句意,認(rèn)為“布料”應(yīng)是“被摸”,所以 feel 選用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
【分析】其實(shí),此題正確答案為C,因?yàn)?feel 在此為連系動(dòng)詞,而連系動(dòng)詞均為不及物動(dòng)詞,不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài),盡管有時(shí)其漢語意思有被動(dòng)意味。請(qǐng)看以下類似例子 (答案均為D):
(1) Her forehead _________ hot. I’m afraid she is ill.
A. is feeling B. felt C. is felt D. feels
(2) The new school has been completed. It _________ very beautiful.
A. is looked B. looked C. has looked D. looks
(3) The dish _________ nice, but the milk _________ sour.
A. is smelt, is smelt B. is smelt, smells C. smells, is smelt D. smells, smells
(4) The story of his life _________ interesting.
A. is sounded B. is sounding C. has sounded D. sounds
2. He was angry _________ your work. He said that he _________ at all.
A. at, didn’t satisfy B. to, didn’t satisfy C. at, wasn’t satisfied D. to, wasn’t satisfied
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能被誤選。
【分析】最佳答案為C。 be angry at (about) sth 意為“對(duì)某事生氣”,許多同學(xué)常按漢語意思將其中的介詞 at (about) 換成 to,這是錯(cuò)誤的。另外,許多同學(xué)將漢語的“不滿意”直譯為 not satisfy,這是不對(duì)的,因?yàn),satisfy在現(xiàn)代英語中只用作及物動(dòng)詞,其意不是“滿意”而是“使(人)滿意”,所以其后不能沒有賓語,除非本身是被動(dòng)語態(tài)(或是系表結(jié)構(gòu))。
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