英語(yǔ)高頻考點(diǎn):考點(diǎn)in case
2019-05-22 18:23:06網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源
一、考點(diǎn)說(shuō)明
高考對(duì)in case的考查,通常會(huì)將其與其他用法相似的結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)合在一起綜合考查。同學(xué)們?cè)谧鲞@類(lèi)題時(shí),關(guān)鍵的是要能正確理解各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思,然后結(jié)合題干所給定的上下文語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行綜合理解,最后選出一個(gè)意思最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)。如:
1. I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s _________I have to wait. (全國(guó)卷)
A. in case B. so that C. in order D. as if
【解的】答案選A。比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng):in case 意為“以防”,so that 意為“以便”,in order 意為“目的是為了”,as if 意為“好像”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,只有填空in case句子意思才通順。in case 在此題中用作連用,用以引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。
2. —It’s cloudy outside. Please take an umbrella.
—_________. (湖南卷)
A. Yes, take it easy B. Well, it just depends
C. OK, just in case D. All right, you’re welcome
【解析】答案選C。take it easy的意思是“不要急”“慢慢來(lái)”,it just depends的意思是“那要看情況”,just in case的意思是“以防萬(wàn)一”,you’re welcome的意思是“不用客氣”。根據(jù)對(duì)話(huà)情景,顯然只有選C才符合上下文語(yǔ)境。in case 在此起副詞作用,用作狀語(yǔ)。
有時(shí)顯然不是直接考查in case的用法,但可能用它來(lái)進(jìn)行干擾。如:
3. How can you expect to learn anything _________ you never listen? (山東卷)
A. in case B. even if C. unless D. when
【解析】根據(jù)句意,答案選D。when在此表示“既然”。
4. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _________I can have time for a cup of tea. (北京卷)
A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that
【解析】根據(jù)句意,答案選D。so that 在此意為“以便”“為了”。
二、復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)
1. 掌握三種用法
in case的用法,歸納起來(lái),主要有以下三種:
(1) 用作連詞,表示條件,其意為“如果”“萬(wàn)一”。如:
In case you see him, ask him about it. 如果你見(jiàn)著他,問(wèn)問(wèn)他這事。
Tell me in case you get into difficulty. 遇到困難請(qǐng)告訴我。
If case I forget, please remind me about it. 萬(wàn)一我忘記,請(qǐng)請(qǐng)醒我一下。
(2) 用作連詞,表示目的,其意為“以防”“免得”。如:
I’ll take my raincoat in case it rains. 我將帶上雨衣,以防下雨。
I shall sit up for a time, in case I’m wanted. 我暫時(shí)不睡以防需要我。
I bought the car at once in case he changed his mind. 我馬上買(mǎi)下了那輛汽車(chē),以免他變卦。
I don’t let him climb trees in case he tears his trousers. 我不讓他爬樹(shù),以免撕破褲子。
(3) 起副詞作用,其意為“以防萬(wàn)一”。如:
You’d better carry some money in case. 你最好帶些錢(qián),以防萬(wàn)一。
The sun is shining, but I’ll take an umbrella just in case. 現(xiàn)在是晴天,但我還是帶上雨傘以防萬(wàn)一。
The dog was chained, but I carried a stick in case. 狗是用鏈條鎖住的,但我?guī)е桓髯右苑廊f(wàn)一。
2. 注意in case 后從句的時(shí)態(tài)
(1) 原則上說(shuō),若主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),則從句也用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài);主句為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),從句也用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如:
I always keep candles in the house in case there is a power cut. 我家里常備有蠟燭,以防斷電。
I wrote down her address in case I forgot it. 我記下了她的住址,免得忘了。
He wasn’t going to use his car in case somebody recognized it. 他不打算用自己的汽車(chē),因?yàn)榕掠腥苏J(rèn)出他的車(chē)。
(2) 有時(shí)從句也可用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(不管主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)還是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài))。如:
I don’t let him go out in this weather in case he should catch cold. 我不讓他這種天氣出去以防他會(huì)感冒。
I’ve bought a chicken in case your friend should stay to lunch. 我買(mǎi)了一只雞,免得你的朋友萬(wàn)一留下來(lái)吃午飯沒(méi)菜。
(3) 注意,當(dāng)主句為將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)不能用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),而要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)意義。如:
I’ll keep a seat for you in case you change your mind. 我給你留一個(gè)座位,以防你會(huì)改變主意。
3. 不要混淆in case 與in case of
in case 可用作連詞和副詞,而in case of 用作介詞。如:
In case of fire, ring the bell. 如發(fā)生火災(zāi),請(qǐng)按鈴。
The wall was built along the river in case of floods. 沿江筑了堤壩以防有洪水。
有時(shí)兩者可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。如:
In case I’m not here, ask my brother to help you.=In case of my not being here, ask my brother to help you.(www.nmet168.com)
如果我不在,可讓我弟弟幫助你。
4. 弄清in case與if的區(qū)別
注意下面兩個(gè)句子在意思上的不同:
I’ll come tomorrow in case Ann wants me. 明天我要來(lái),以備安找我。
I’ll come tomorrow if Ann wants me. 如果安找我,我明天就來(lái)。
但是,介詞短語(yǔ) in case of…與 if there is…的意思卻相同。如:
In case of accident phone 999.=If there is an accident phone 999. 如果發(fā)生事故,請(qǐng)撥電話(huà)999。
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