2019年高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)：冠詞與數(shù)詞

　　冠詞與數(shù)詞

　　冠詞本身不能單獨(dú)使用，也沒(méi)有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義。英語(yǔ)中的冠詞題型基本分為有三種，一種是定冠詞(指定，特指，有限定條件或者范圍)，另一種是不定冠詞（沒(méi)有指定，不是特指，泛指，一般為同類），還有一種是零冠詞(即不使用冠詞，常常放在不可數(shù)名詞中物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞的前面)。

　　2.1 不定冠詞的用法

　　不定冠詞a （an）與數(shù)詞one 同源，是"一（個(gè)）"的意思。a用于輔音音素前，一般讀作[e]，而an則用于元音音素前，一般讀做[en]。 并非是很多同學(xué)誤解的把a(bǔ)n放在a、e、i、o、u五個(gè)元音字母前就可以了。

　　1 表示"一個(gè)"，意為one；指某人或某物，意為a certain。

　　e.g. There's a policeman at the door. Pass me an apple, please. A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 有位凌先生在等你

　　2初次提起某人或某物，表示"一個(gè)"。                 There is a bottle on the table. The bottle is empty.

　　3表示非特指的任何"一個(gè)"，代表同類事物中的"一個(gè)"。 A camel is bigger than a horse.

　　4 代表一類人或物。

　　e.g. A knife is a tool for cutting with. 刀是切割的工具。  Mr. Smith is an engineer. 史密斯先生是工程師。

　　5用在表示時(shí)間、速度和價(jià)格等名詞前，表示"每一",相當(dāng)于介詞，per的用法。twice a day, 80 km an hour

　　6用在序數(shù)詞前，表示"再一、又一"，還沒(méi)進(jìn)行過(guò)/用過(guò)/來(lái)過(guò)/吃過(guò)a second time再一次(言外之意指第二次)

　　7組成詞組或成語(yǔ)，習(xí)慣用不定冠詞的短語(yǔ)：

　　e.g. a piece of, a cup/glass of, a pair of, a loaf of, a pile of, a kind/type/sort of, a (large) number of, a lot (of), a couple of, a bit/little/few,

　　a good/great many, many a / as a rule / as a result (of) / a great deal of, as a matter of fact, in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while(soon after/shortly after) / after a while / a moment later, quite a few/lot

　　as a result, catch/have a cold/fever /headache, have a chance; have/take a bath, have/take a break, have/take a breath; have/take a rest, have/take a swim, have a try/go, have a walk, go for a walk, pay a visit to; have a good/great time, have/live/lead a happy life,

　　keep an eye on / all of a sudden / do sb a favour(favor),

　　Everything comes with ________ price; there is no such ________ thing as free lunch in the world.

　　A. a, a

　　B. the, /

　　C. the, a

　　D. a, /

　　8用在某些物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞(不可數(shù)名詞)前 ，即不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)化

　　e.g. a gentle wind一陣微風(fēng)，a heavy rain一場(chǎng)大雨，be a big success很成功

　　It's _____ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them       pleasure.

　　A. 不填, a

　　B. a, 不填

　　C. the, a

　　D. a, the

　　First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get __ second chance to make __ first impression.

　　A. a; the

　　B. the; the

　　C. a; a

　　D. the; a

　　The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that____ people from all walks of life are working hard for___ new Jiangsu.

　　A.不填； a

　　B. 不填；the

　　C. the； a

　　D. the； the