全國

熱門城市 | 全國 北京 上海 廣東

華北地區(qū) | 北京 天津 河北 山西 內(nèi)蒙古

東北地區(qū) | 遼寧 吉林 黑龍江

華東地區(qū) | 上海 江蘇 浙江 安徽 福建 江西 山東

華中地區(qū) | 河南 湖北 湖南

西南地區(qū) | 重慶 四川 貴州 云南 西藏

西北地區(qū) | 陜西 甘肅 青海 寧夏 新疆

華南地區(qū) | 廣東 廣西 海南

  • 微 信
    高考

    關(guān)注高考網(wǎng)公眾號

    (www_gaokao_com)
    了解更多高考資訊

您現(xiàn)在的位置:首頁 > 高考總復(fù)習(xí) > 高考知識點 > 高考英語知識點 > 2019年高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語知識點:代詞

2019年高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語知識點:代詞

來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2018-10-21 22:56:39

  語法系列復(fù)習(xí)專題二-代詞

  代詞的分類

  1.人稱代詞:有主格、賓格、所有格(含形容詞性和名詞性兩種所有格)

  2.反身代詞:myself ,yourself ,himself ,herself ,itself ,ourselves ,yourselves

  themselves

  3.指示代詞:this ,that ,these ,those

  4.疑問代詞:who ,whom ,what ,which

  5.相互代詞:each other ,one another

  6.不定代詞:some ,any ,all ,both ,none ,one, each ,either ,neither ,other ,another,

  something ,anything ,nothing ,anyone ,anybody , someone ,somebody ,nobody

  7.關(guān)系代詞(用于定語從句):who ,whom ,whose,that ,which ,as

  代詞用法注意點

  1.名詞性所有格代詞可作主語、賓語、表語,可用于雙重所有格。例如:

  s t my book. It   This isn his. Mine is in the bag. /Is she a friend of yours ?/Do

  you think this bag of mine beautiful ?/She lost some pencils of hers.

  2.反身代詞可用于某些固定搭配。例如:

 、(all)by oneself 自己單干,獨立干:

  The boy usually finishes his homework by himself.

 、趏f oneself 自動地,自行地:

  Mary will correct her mistakes in the exercises of herself.

 、踗or oneself 替/為自己:You have to choose for yourself.

  3.指示代詞this/these一般用來指時間和空間上較近的人或物;that/those 常指時間和

  空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。

  進(jìn)行比較時,that可代替不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞以避免重復(fù);those 可代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞以

  免重復(fù)。例如:

  The water of the well is cleaner than that of the river./The Christmas cards are

  much better than those you bought yesterday.

  4.相互代詞each other ,one another.前者通常指兩者之間的"相互",后者側(cè)重三者或三

  者以上的"相互",也可指兩者之間的"相互"。

  5.不定代詞

 、賡ome多用于肯定句;any多用于否定句,疑問句或條件句中。另外some可用于表示請求、

  提議或者希望得到肯定回答的疑問句中,修飾可數(shù)名詞,表示"任何、無論哪一個"

  例如:

  If you have any ink ,please give me some.

  Edison became quite expert at it and could find work in any town he went to.

  ②all 與none

  all表示"三者或三者以上全部",可以修飾可數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞。none用于表示對三個或

  三個以上的人或物的否定,意思是"沒有什么人,沒有什么東西",可作主語和賓語。none

  of…后的謂語可以是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式。none可以簡略回答以How many或How much開 頭的疑問句。

  例如:

  None of them have/has failed.

  -- How many books are there on the desk ? -- None.

  注意:no one (=nobody)不同于none ,作主語時只能跟單數(shù)謂語,不可跟of短語連用,

  回答以who開頭的問句,不能回答How many/much …開頭的問句。

  例如:

  -- Who is in the room ? -- no one(=Nobody).

  --Is there any oil in the glass ? -- None.

 、踥ther ,another ,the other ,others ,the others

  other表示"沒有范圍的,其他的",與名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用。如:other books/boys/…

  another泛指很多中的"另一個",可作代詞或形容詞用,代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。

  如:    I don't like this hat,please show me another.

  the other可作代詞或形容詞用,指已知的事物或人中的"另一個",或另一方中的"全

  部其他的"。

  如:

  I have two sisters.One is a student and the other is a worker./I can see only

  two teachers in the office.Where are the other teachers ?

  others泛指其他的人或物;the others特指其余的人或物。others常和some對比使用。

  例如:

  Thirty students in our class are boys ,the others are girls.

  Some are carrying water ,others are watering the trees.

 、躱ne作為不定代詞,泛指"任何人"(包括說話人在內(nèi)),還可用來代替上文出現(xiàn)過的可

  數(shù)名詞(指人或物),并有復(fù)數(shù)形式ones。

  例如:

  I have bought a new bike.My old one s duty. t work./One must do one doesn

  注意:one ,that都可代替前面出現(xiàn)過的單數(shù)名詞,但這樣用時,one可被前置或后置

  定語修飾,that只能被后置定語修飾。

  例如:

  This book is the one that is needed by him.

  My seat is next to that of our teacher.

  代詞考點分析

  1.-- When shall we meet again ?

  s all    -- Make it _____ day you like;it the same to me.(96年高考題)

  A.one           B.a(chǎn)ny          C.some         D.a(chǎn)nother

  析: 此題答案為B。若選A,one day意"過去/將來的某一天";若選C,some day意"有朝一日"、"將來某一天"、"遲早";若選D,another day意"改日"、"又/另一天";選B,any day意"隨便哪一天"、"無論哪一天",顯然它適合此題。

  m reading a new book these days ,_____ in 2.I English.

  A.it            B.that           C.one           D.which

  析: 排除A選項it的原因是因為it前或后都不可放定語;若選B項that,則因其不能替代同一事物,也可排除;至于D項which,因其是定語從句引導(dǎo)詞,在此明顯不合用。只有C項one一方面它可有前置或后置定語,另一方面它可以替代前面出現(xiàn)的名詞a book,故是正確答案。

  3.There were two boys who called and I gave an apple to _____.

  A.every         B.all            C.either        D.each

  析: 由題干內(nèi)容可知有兩個孩子在叫喊,故all(指三者或三者以上)不可選;every表"兩者中任意的一個",在此不符合情景之需要。只有D,each(兩者中的每一個)填入空白才合題干內(nèi)容。

  t know _____ of the visitors here;we only know some. 4.We don

  A.everyone      B.every one      C.anybody       D.each one

  析: 因為everyone ,everybody ,anybody等不定代詞一般不帶限定語(此處不能與of短語連用),故A、C選項可排除。若選D項,因not…each結(jié)構(gòu)表全否定,與下句"we only know some"不合,故不能成立。只有選B時,not…every表半否定,與下句意相合。

  5.Young people may grow quickly in some ways and more slowly in _____.

  (上海題)

  A.the other     B.some other     C.others        D.those other

  析: 根據(jù)in some ways(在某些方面),可知空白處要選表達(dá)復(fù)數(shù)意義的詞,據(jù)此可排除A、B;又因為沒有those other這樣的詞語,故可排除D。根據(jù)some常與others相呼應(yīng)使用規(guī)律,可定C為正確答案。

  6.The question is too difficult and we found _____.

  A.it not easy to answer it         B.it was not easy for us to answer it

  s not easy to answer           D.it   C.it not easy to answer

  析: 根據(jù)時態(tài)一致規(guī)律,we found后不可跟C選項;要表達(dá)"那個問題不容易答。"這一意思時,應(yīng)說The question is not easy to answer.要表達(dá)"我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那個問題不容易答。"這一意思時,應(yīng)說We found the question (was)not easy to answer.據(jù)此可排除A、B選項;只有D才是唯一正確選項。

  7.The hairdresser now cuts s hair. s and women _____ men

  A.any            B.each          C.both           D.either

  s hair s and women 析: 根據(jù)題干men ,可知應(yīng)選與兩者有關(guān)的代詞,于是立即可排除A。由于each 和either不可直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格(應(yīng)說each of …,either of…),故又可排除B、D選項。只有both才能與其后的and構(gòu)成both…and…結(jié)構(gòu)。故正確答案是C。

  8.--Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end ?

  --If you keep still ,you can sit at _____end.   (NMET)

  A.neither        B.each          C.either         D.any

  析: 一條船只有兩頭,any是指三者或三者以上,在此不合用。neither是"兩者都不",填入空白處意思不對;each意"兩者或三者,三者以上每個人都…",若填入此題空白,不合語境,因為一個人不能同時坐船的兩頭。只有選either(兩者之一)才合此題情景。

  9.--Have you finished your report yet ?

  ll finish in _____ ten minutes.      --No ,I (NMET)

  A.less           B.more           C.other         D.another

  析: less后可直接跟形容詞、副詞、名詞,象ten minutes這樣的"數(shù)詞+名詞"短語則不可直接放于less之后,只能放于less than之后,因此A項可排除。"再過/再用十分鐘"可以說in ten more minutes ,ten minutes more ,another ten minutes ,據(jù)此可排除B項。至于other一詞,因它不能表達(dá)"再、又"意,故也可排除。因此D為正確答案。

  10.Canada is larger than _____ country in Asia.   (NMET)

  A.any          B.any other       C.other         D.another

  析: 此題是加拿大與亞洲國家相比,無需other或another ,else這類詞,故B、C、D應(yīng)排除。因為any(任何)后可跟單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞,填入空白意思也合語境,所以A是正確答案。

  代詞專練

  1.-- Which of the two dictionaries will you borrow ?

  ll      -- I borrow _____ ,for the different uses.

  A.all          B.both         C.either         D.neither

  2._____ of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret.

  A.Each         B.Any          C.No one         D.None

  t eat in a restaurant because _____ of us had _____     3.We couldn money on us.

  A.all ;no      B.any ;no      C.none ;any      D.no one ;any

  4.They were all very tired ,but _____ of them would stop to take a rest.

  A.neither      B.none         C.some           D.any

  5.There is a No.2 trolleybus and a No.24 bus ;_____ will take you there.

  A.both         B.either       C.all            D.any

  6.As we were asleep ,_____ of us heard the sound.

  A.both         B.none         C.either         D.any

  7.-- Which of the five may I use ?

  -- Oh ,____.

  A.any one      B.anyone       C.anything       D.nothing

  8.--Are the two answers correct ?

  --No ,_____ correct.

  A.no one is    B.both are not C.neither is     D.either is not

  t _____.     9.I asked him for some oil ,but he hadn

  A.any          B.some         C.no             D.anything

  10.You have three English dictionaries ,but I have only two _____.

  A.ones         B.不填         C.the one        D.the ones

  11.I have a colour TV set.I want to sell ____.

  A.one          B.the one      C.that           D.it

  12.This film is not so good as _____ we saw last week.

  A.that         B.it           C.the one        D.one

  13._____ of us must go there and help him out.

  A.One or other                 B.One by one

  C.One or the other             D.One or another

  14.We all felt _____ to be the highest praise.

  A.it           B.that         C.that one       D.the one

  t you read _____ English storices ?Please tell us an     15.Haven interesting one.

  A.any          B.all          C.either         D.some

  16.-- Would you like _____ dumplings ?

  -- No,thanks.

  A.some         B.another       C.any           D.all

  17.If there is _____ chance ,I will try another.

  A.one          B.any           C.some          D.all

  18.-- Are _____ here to take the college entrance exam ?

  -- Yes ,we _____.

  A.all you ;are all             B.you all ;all are

  C.all of you ;are all          D.you of all ;all are

  19.Mr Green gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _____ who had already

  taken them.

  A.one          B.the ones        C.some         D.the others

  20.-- Have you ever seen a snake alive ?

  ve seen _____.        -- Yes ,I

  A.that         B.so              C.one          D.it

  21.-- Lily ,do you have an umbrella ?It is raining outside.

  s _____.        -- Yes ,but it

  A.small one    B.small umbrella  C.only a small one  D.that one

  t s mother kept telling him that he should work hard ,but _____ didn 22.Tom help.

  A.this         B.which           C.any          D.it

  23.-- Have you got _____ red ink ?

  t got _____.        -- Sorry ,I haven

  A.some ;some   B.any ;many       C.some ;any    D.any ;some

  24.I prefer a street in a small town to _____ in such a large city as Shanghai.

  A.that         B.it              C.this         D.one

  25.Sarad has read a lot of stories by American writers.Now she would like to

  read _____ stories by writers from _____ countries.

  A.some ;any    B.other ;some     C.some ;other  D.other ;other

  26.-- Is _____ here ?

  -- No ,Bob and Tim have asked for leave.

  A.anybody      B.somebody        C.everybody    D.nobody

  27.Our headmaster advised us that in order to succeed in life ,one has to be

  honest with _____ friends.

  s         D.our        A.their        B.her             C.one

  28.I borrowed some books _____ myself ,but when I was going to read them ,the

  lamp went out _____ itself and I had to sit in the dark _____ myself.

  A.不填;for;by  B.by;for;of       C.for;of;by    D.of;不填;by

  29.When I first saw the old farmer ,I could hardly imagine _____ invented the

  machine to pick cotton.

  A.himself      B.he himself      C.he for himself D.he by himself

  30.It is impossible for all the people to get the job ,because _____ of them

  are not fit for it.

  A.all of       B.none of         C.each of      D.every one of

  代詞專練答案

  1-5    B D C B B          6-10  B A C A B

  11-15  D C A B D          16-20 A B B B C

  21-25  C D C D C          26-30 C C C B A

  高三英語復(fù)習(xí)教案與訓(xùn)練--代詞

  3. 代詞

  代詞是代替名詞的詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語中的代詞,按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為:人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、自身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、關(guān)系代詞和不定代詞八種。

  一、人稱代詞是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我們"、"你們"、"他們"的詞。人稱代詞有人稱、數(shù)和格的變化,見下表:

  數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)

  格 主格 賓格 主格 賓格

  第一人稱 I me we us

  第二人稱 you you you you

  第三人稱 he him they them

  she her they them

  it it they them

  例如:He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。

  It's me. 是我。

  二、 物主代詞是表示所有關(guān)系的代詞,也可叫做代詞所有格。物主代詞分形容性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種,其人物和數(shù)的變化見下表。

  數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)

  人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱

  形容詞性物主代詞 my your his/her/its our your their

  名詞性物主代詞 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs

  例如: I like his car. 我喜歡他的小汽車。

  Our school is here,and theirs is there. 我們的學(xué)校在這兒,他們的在那兒。

  三、 指示代詞表示"那個"、"這個"、"這些"、"那些"等指示概念的代詞。指示代詞有this,that,these,those等。

  例如:That is a good idea. 那是個好主意。

  四、 表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我們自己"、"你們自己"和"他們自己"等的代詞,叫做自身代詞,也稱為

  "反身代詞"。

  例如:She was talking to herself.  她自言自語。

  五、 表示相互關(guān)系的代詞叫相互代詞,有each other 和one another兩組,但在運用中,這兩組詞沒什么大的區(qū)別。

  例如:They love each other.  他們彼此相愛。

  六、 不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。常見的不定代詞有a11,both,each,every等,以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代詞,如anybody, something,no one。這些不定代詞大都可以代替名詞和形容詞,在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語,但none和由some,any,no等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞只能作主語、賓語或表語;every和no只能作定語。

  例如:--- Do you have a car?  --你有一輛小汽車嗎?

  --- Yes,I have one.   --是的,我有一輛。

  --- I don't know any of them.  他們,我一個也不認(rèn)識。

  七、 疑問代詞有who,whom,whose,what和which等。在句子中用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。疑問代詞都可用作連接代詞,引導(dǎo)名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句)

  例如:Tell me who he is.  告訴我他是誰。

  八、 關(guān)系代詞有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等,可用作引導(dǎo)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞。它們在定語從句中可作主語、

  表語、賓語、定語等;另一方面它們又代表主句中為定語從句所修飾的那個名詞或代詞(先行詞)。

  例如:He is the man whom you have been looking for.  他就是你要找的那個人。

  3.1 人稱代詞的用法

  1)人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語或主語補語。例如:

  John waited a while but eventually he went home. 約翰等了一會兒,最后他回家了。

  John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she. 約翰希望那位乘客是瑪麗,還真是她。

  說明:在復(fù)合句中,如果主句和從句主語相同,代詞主語要用在從句中,名詞主語用在主句中。例如:

  When he arrived, John went straight to the bank. 約翰一到就直接去銀行了。

  2)人稱代詞的賓格在句子中作賓語或介詞賓語,但在口語中也能作主語補語,第一人稱在省略句中,還可以作主語。

  例如: I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her. 我看到她和他們在一起,至少我認(rèn)為是她。(her做賓語,them做介詞賓語,her做主語補語)

  a. -- Who broke the vase? --誰打碎了花瓶?

  b. -- Me.            --我。(me做主語補語= It's me.)

  說明:在上面兩例句中,her和me分別作主語補語,F(xiàn)代英語中多用賓格,在正式文體中這里應(yīng)為she和I。

  3.2 人稱代詞之主、賓格的替換
 

收藏

高考院校庫(挑大學(xué)·選專業(yè),一步到位。

高校分?jǐn)?shù)線

專業(yè)分?jǐn)?shù)線

日期查詢

京ICP備10033062號-2 北京市公安局海淀分局備案編號:1101081950

違法和不良信息舉報電話:010-56762110     舉報郵箱:wzjubao@tal.com

高考網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有 Copyright © 2005-2022 0u5j96q.cn . All Rights Reserved