2012高考備戰(zhàn):高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題答題技巧
2011-12-15 16:20:16新浪網(wǎng)
一、命題原則
突出語境,強(qiáng)化語意,強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用
二、單項(xiàng)選擇題命題特點(diǎn)
覆蓋面廣,重點(diǎn)突出
突出在語境中運(yùn)用知識(shí)的考查
淡化語法結(jié)構(gòu),重視能力
三、英語單項(xiàng)選擇解題技巧
(一)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)
1.This is the main use that the scientists make______ natural resources.
A. in B. up of C. from D. of
有些試題的考本來十分簡(jiǎn)單, 但命題者卻通過使用定語從句,或者將我們十分熟悉的固定詞組有意拆開,重新組合,使我們?cè)诮Y(jié)構(gòu)上產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)覺。that the scientists make…是定語從句,關(guān)系代詞that是代表先行詞use的,將其置入定語從句中,就得到that the scientists make use..顯然是考查make use of 這一詞組。正確答案是D。
(二)找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞語
2.It is______ any wonder that his friend doesn't like watching television much.
A. no B. such C. nearly D. hardly
此題的關(guān)鍵詞是any, 因?yàn)閍ny常用于疑問句、否定句或條件句中,而此句不是疑問句,也不是條件句,所以應(yīng)該是否定句。no本身就相當(dāng)于not any,于是排除A。.因此,正確答案D(hardly=almost not)。
(三)補(bǔ)全省略成分
3.---What do you think made Mary so upset?
--- ______her new bike.
A. Lost B. As she lost C. Losing D. Because of losing
口語中會(huì)使用一些省略句,作題是若將被省略的成分補(bǔ)充完整,答案就會(huì)一目了然。此題將答句補(bǔ)全,就是Losing her new bike made Mary so upset。顯然,只能選C,用動(dòng)名詞作主語。
(四)適當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)換句式
4.---Mr. Wang ,whom would you rather ______ the important meeting?
---Tom.
A. have attend B. have attended
C. having attend D. have to attend
有時(shí)將題干的句式轉(zhuǎn)換成自己更熟悉的句式,就很容易選出正確答案。如:將疑問句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句或倒裝句改為陳述句,將被動(dòng)句改為主動(dòng)句,將無序句調(diào)整為正常句。此題若將疑問句改為陳述句,就是I have Tom attend the important meeting。其中would rather 后必須跟動(dòng)詞原形,have sb do sth.所以選A。
(五)注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)
5.There are eight tips in Dr. Roger’s lecture on sleep, and one of them is:______ to bed early unless you think it is necessary.
A. doesn’t go B. not to go C. not going D. don’t go
標(biāo)點(diǎn)有時(shí)對(duì)我們作題有提示的作用。此題很容易選B,認(rèn)為是不定式做表語。其實(shí)冒號(hào)已經(jīng)表明后面是Dr.Roger講的原話,這原話應(yīng)當(dāng)是個(gè)句子,只有選D才構(gòu)成一個(gè)否定的祈使句。
(六)刪除干擾部分
6.We agree to accept______ they thought was the best tourist guide.
A. whichever B. whoever C. whatever D. whomever
就是將起干擾作用的定語從句、介詞短語或插入語,如I think/ suppose/believe,do you think/ suppose/believe, you know,of course等刪除,從而更容易地選出正確答案。此題去掉插入語they thought ,可知賓語從句缺主語,又能與the best tourist guide 搭配的,只有答案B。
(七)利用對(duì)稱結(jié)構(gòu)
7.---English has a large vocabulary, hasn't it?
---Yes. ______ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.
A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known
就是在作題的過程中要善于利用and, but等并列連詞。若前面是個(gè)句子,后面也是個(gè)句子,反之亦然;若連接的是幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞,這幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞也必定是同一時(shí)態(tài)或同一形式。此題第二個(gè)and后面是個(gè)句子,所以前面也必定是一個(gè)句子,但是前面這個(gè)句子沒有主語,只能選用動(dòng)詞原形,構(gòu)成一個(gè)祈使句,因此答案是A。
又如:On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, ______some bananas and visited her cousin.
A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy
(八)檢查有無謂語
8.He wrote five novels, two of ______translated into English.
A. it B. them C. which D. that
有時(shí)看似有兩個(gè)句子,于是就選連詞,正好掉進(jìn)命題人設(shè)計(jì)的陷阱。事實(shí)上,有時(shí)貌似句子的“句子”卻沒有謂語,其中的動(dòng)詞只是一個(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞(多為分詞)。此題很容易誤選C,以為后面是非限制性定語從句。事實(shí)上, translated是過去分詞,而不是謂語動(dòng)詞,后面不是句子,無須連詞,所以答案是B。若在translated前加上were,were translated就是謂語,這時(shí)就 選連詞which。
(九)熟記固定搭配
9.Mr. Smith used to smoke ______ but he has given it up.
A. seriously B. heavily C. badly D. hardly
在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中注意積累一些常見的固定句式、動(dòng)詞與副詞的搭配、名詞和形容詞的搭配等。因?yàn)橹笩煱a或酒癮很重,要用heavy或heavily ,因此答案是B。此外,雨雪下得“大”、煙霧“濃”、交通“擁擠”、波濤“洶涌”等,也用heavy。