高中生英語作文寫作常出現(xiàn)的十大語法錯(cuò)誤(3)

2011-09-28 15:13:54新浪網(wǎng)文章作者：李鴻鑫

7．代詞的錯(cuò)誤

    代詞主要有人稱代詞、物主代詞、關(guān)系代詞、反身代詞、疑問代詞、復(fù)合疑問代詞、指示代詞，要注意代詞的各人稱之間和單復(fù)數(shù)之間的誤用，關(guān)系代詞 which, that, as之間的誤用，關(guān)系代詞that與疑問代詞what之間的誤用，關(guān)系代詞which與關(guān)系副詞when, where，以及what與how的誤用等。例如：

    a. We do not like he.

    b. If you like this books, you can take them away.

    c. His book is different from me.

    d. The population of China is larger than those of Japan.

    正確的句子：

    a. We do not like him.

    b. If you like these books, you can take them away.

    c. His book is different from mine.

    d. The population of China is larger than that of Japan.

    漢語里，人稱代詞沒有主格、賓格和所有格之變，而英語中的人稱代詞有主格、賓格和所有格之變，而且每格都具有其自身的用途，分別充當(dāng)主語、賓語和定語等。尤其要注意的是，人稱代詞充當(dāng)介詞賓語時(shí)，也要采用其賓格形式。

     8．連詞的錯(cuò)誤

    連詞主要有兩類，即并列連詞和從屬連詞，考查點(diǎn)主要是并列連詞（分遞進(jìn)式、轉(zhuǎn)折式、選擇式和因果式四種）之間的誤用（主要是but與so/and之間的誤用），從屬連詞之間的誤用以及并列連詞與從屬連詞之間的誤用等。例如：

    a. He had little to eat and a large house to live in.

    b. He had no sooner arrived when he fell ill.

    c. If you go this way, and you will soon see the hospital.

    正確的句子：

    a. He had little to eat but a large house to live in.

    b. He had no sooner arrived than he fell ill.

    c.1f you go this way，you will soon see the hospital.

   9．名詞的錯(cuò)誤

    名詞主要考查單數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)名詞，這主要是受東西方文化差異的影響，英語中除了不可數(shù)名詞和單數(shù)名詞用單數(shù)外，可數(shù)名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。另外還有一些特殊形式。例如：

    a. What a beautiful weather we are having today!

    b. Please give my best regard to your parents.

    c. I have got good marks in all my subject.

    正確的句子：

    a. What beautiful weather we are having today!

    b. Please give my best regards to your parents.

    c. I have got good marks in all my subjects.

    10. 在使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞時(shí)產(chǎn)生的錯(cuò)誤類型

    這類錯(cuò)誤有以下幾種情況：① 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞使用過去時(shí)態(tài)；② 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞加“s”③ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞加“ing”④”will”后面的“be”動(dòng)詞用“am、“is”或“are ”；⑤助動(dòng)詞“do”后面的動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)態(tài)；⑥.助動(dòng)詞“do”后面的動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)加“s"；⑦ 助動(dòng)詞“do”后面的動(dòng)詞加“ing”等。例如：

    a. I could did my homework.

    b. He may goes to school by bike every day.

    正確的句子：

    a. I could do my homework.

    b. He may go to school by bike every day.

    結(jié)束語

    高中生英語寫作中語法的錯(cuò)誤，是不可回避的事實(shí)，也是工作在一線的英語教師面臨的一個(gè)棘手的問題。研究農(nóng)村高中英語寫作中的會(huì)出現(xiàn)哪些語法錯(cuò)誤，其成因是什么，對(duì)于今后采取的什么樣的寫作教學(xué)策略，進(jìn)而卓有成效的提高高中英語寫作水平就很有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。