高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解的猜詞技巧2

　　-根據(jù)同位關(guān)系或文中定義解釋猜測(cè)

　　文章中的難詞后面往往有一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)、that is，this is、破折號(hào)或定語(yǔ)從句等對(duì)其進(jìn)行解釋。這時(shí)可利用這種關(guān)系或解釋對(duì)前面或后面的詞義進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。

　　例3.(2006年福建卷，A篇)

　　The schools are reluctant to take time off--even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentina game had trouble getting the day off.

　　59.The underlined word“reluctant”in the passage may probably mean_______.

　　A.kind

　　B.unwilling

　　C.free

　　D.careless

　　分析：根據(jù)本句破折號(hào)后面的句子：“even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentina game had trouble getting the day off.(即使老師們手中握有英-阿比賽的門票也不容易請(qǐng)假。”推斷reluctant的意思是unwilling.故答案為B。

　　-根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

　　代詞one，it，that，he，him或them等在英語(yǔ)文章中使用頻繁，可以指上文提到的人或事物。有時(shí)代詞與指代的對(duì)象相隔較遠(yuǎn)，要認(rèn)真查找；有時(shí)需要對(duì)前面提到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，才能得出代詞所指代的事。

　　例4.(2005年全國(guó)卷，C篇)

　　Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story.And even if they start again，Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal.“We have more important things to do，”he said.

　　52.The underlined word“they”in the last paragraph refers to____.

　　A.criminals

　　B.pigeons

　　C.the stolen cars

　　D.demands for money

　　分析：從文中最后一段可知，they應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)應(yīng)該段前面的“Demands for pigeon-delivered money”。該部分大意為“媒體報(bào)道這些事件之后，發(fā)案率有所下降。即使demands for money的勢(shì)頭有所上升，陳表明，捉住罪犯也沒(méi)什么希望，因?yàn)樗麄?警察)有更重要的事要做”。故答案為D。

　　-根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

　　根據(jù)上下句的連接詞，如but，however，otherwise，while，rather than，far from等就可以看到前后句在意義上的差別，從而依據(jù)某一句的含義，來(lái)確定另一句的含義。

　　例5.(2005年北京卷，D篇)

　　However obvious these facts may appear at first glance，they are actully not so obvious as they seem expect when we take special pains to think about the subject.

　　71.In paragraph 3，“take special pains”probably means“_____”.

　　A.try very hard

　　B.take our time

　　C.are very unhappy

　　D.feel especially painful

　　分析：由however從句中的“at first glance(乍一看上去，即沒(méi)仔細(xì)考慮)”與下文中“take special pains to think about……”進(jìn)行對(duì)比，可以推斷出A項(xiàng)正確。