詳解高考英語閱讀理解(08)

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 4 個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　A

　　I feel very excited at the thought that in another week I shall be with you again on holiday. I have enjoyed my stay in England very much indeed. Mr Brown and classmates are nice to me, but, as they say in England, “There’s no place like home.” and I think you feel this above all at Christmas time.

　　I am leaving here early on Thursday, the 23rd, and I shall arrive in Basle on Friday morning, so I shall be home somewhere about lunchtime. Can you meet me at the station, as I shall have a lot of luggage?

　　In some of my earlier letters I have told you all about the other students here. Well, I want to ask my Polish friend Jan to come and spend Christmas with us. Will that be all right? His father and mother died last year, he can go home for Christmas, and he has no friend in England except the Browns. He is a nice boy. I know you all like him, and I feel sure he will enjoy Christmas with us. It is very short notice, but you are always pleased, I know, if we bring our friends home. however, I have not yet invited him, as I thought it was better to ask you first. Please let me know as soon as possible if it will be all right.

　　1. The writer was very excited at the thought that ________.

　　A. she would be back home with her new friend

　　B. she would be with her parents in another week

　　C. her parents wanted to see her very much

　　D. she would go on staying in England

　　2. She wanted some one to meet her because ________.

　　A. she was told to do so                          B. she would be tired out after the trip

　　C. she would carry a pile of things            D. she didn’t know where the station was

　　3. The underlined sentence “There’s no place like home” means ________.

　　A. There is not a place that the writer likes

　　B. There is no place that the writer can live in

　　C. The writer’s home is not in London in fact

　　D. East and west, home is best

　　4. These paragraphs are taken out of a ________.

　　A. magazine              B. letter                  C. book                  D. newspaper

　　B

　　What happens to mother-daughter relationships when girls become teenagers. It seems that girls go from playing “dress up”, to arguing with their mothers about how they should dress.

　　When a girl is 3-4 years old they love to “dress up” in their mothers’ clothes, put on their mothers’ makeup, cook, and do whatever else their mother does. This is the time when she can be classified as being a mama’s girl.

　　How come girls change so much from childhood to the teenage years? Many parents seek the answer when their daughter becomes a teen. Often when a girl enters high school her behavior changes as well as her physical appearance.

　　When I was young I always liked playing “dress up”. It made me feel older and more like my mother. Even when I entered middle school, I still depended a lot on my mother to choose and buy my clothes. Once I entered high school there was a big change. To me, my mother’s clothes were no longer “in fashion”, and neither was her opinion. I started becoming interested in boys and tried to improve the way I looked. It was not that I wanted to look cool, I just wanted to look my age.

　　This is the time that the mother-daughter relationship can take a turn. It’s difficult for a mother to know that her daughter is no longer totally dependent on her.

　　When the daughter starts wearing revealing clothing, dating, and just wanting to be more independent, a mother starts to feel left out, or not needed. The number of arguments increases, and the number of times when the mother and daughter get along happily decreases.

　　When these things start to happen, it is a sign that the daughter wants her independence and the freedom to grow up.

　　When you notice how much your relationship had changed, try to believe positive things come out of the change. Put all the negatives aside and concentrate on what your mother is feeling instead of just on what you’re feeling.

　　When it seems too hard to handle, take some quiet time and write out your feelings. Maybe at another time, you can share them with your mother and try to find a way to better your relationship as mother and daughter. If you don’t feel comfortable sharing your feelings, at least write them down so you can get them out. It’s better than keeping them bottled up inside.

　　5. The girls would argue with their mothers because ________.

　　A. they need more independence

　　B. mothers want daughters to be mama’s girls again

　　C. they think their mothers’ clothes are no longer in fashion

　　D. all of the above

　　6. From the passage, we know that ________.

　　A. the teenage period is a sensitive part in human life

　　B. the parents can’t get the answer why their daughters change a lot

　　C. they can get on well only in talking, no matter what mothers or daughters do

　　D. mothers should concentrate on their own feelings

　　7. A “mama’s girl” will Not________.

　　A. dress up in her mother’s clothes

　　B. depend a lot on her mother to choose and buy her clothes

　　C. like wearing revealing clothing

　　D. think her mother’s clothes are in fashion

　　8. When the daughter starts wanting to be more independent, ________.

　　A. a mother starts to feel left out

　　B. it is the time when mother and daughter get on joyfully increases

　　C. she wants to look cool

　　D. All of the above

　　C

　　Between ten and midnight the United States is politically leaderless—there is no center of information anywhere in the nation except in the New York headquarters of the great broadcasting companies and two wire services. No candidate and no party can afford the investment on election night to match the news-gathering resources of the mass media; and so as every citizen sits in his home watching his TV set or listening to his radio, he is the equal of any other in knowledge. There is nothing that can be done in these hours, for no one can longer direct the great strike for America’s power; the polls have closed. Good or bad, whatever the decision, America will accept the decision—and cut down any man who goes against it, even though for millions the decision runs contrary to their own votes. The general vote is an expression of national will, the only substitute for violence and blood. Its decision is to be defended as one defends civilization itself.

　　There is nothing like this American expression of will in England or France, India or Russia. Only one other major nation in modern history has tried to elect its leader directly by mass, free, popular vote. This was the Weiman Republic of Germany, which modeled its unitary vote for national leaders on the American practice. Out of its experiment with the system it got Hitler. Americans have had Lincoln, Wilson and two Roosevelts. Nothing can be done when the voting returns are flooding in; the White House and its power will move to one or another of the two candidates, and all will know about it in the morning. But for these hours history stops.

　　9. Between ten P.M. and midnight the United States is politically leaderless because ________.

　　A. the president has been murdered

　　B. the general strike for power has ended

　　C. the government has resigned

　　D. the general vote is being held

　　10. “The great strike for America’s power” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________.

　　A. the strike of the government members

　　B. the great vote

　　C. the election campaign

　　D. the strike of the government employees

　　11. The author believes that the decision at the polls will ________.

　　A. lead to a civil war             B. result in a general strike

　　C. cause violence and blood     D. be defended by all Americans

　　12. Without the general vote, the author implies ________.

　　A. there would be a civil war    B. there would be a general strike

　　C. there would be an election campaign    D. there would be a fierce debate

　　D

　　After a fortnight of extraordinary type, the much-feared computer virus that was supposed to strike the globe’s hard drives last Friday simply fizzled. So many warnings were sounded that most computer owners either fed anti-virus programs into their systems or refused to turn the power on during the dreaded M-day. They dodged one disease, but more strains are on the way. The eponymous Friday-the-13th virus is due to strike this week, and the Maltese Amoeba may detonate on March 15.

　　Who creates these things? A disproportionate number seems to originate in Bulgaria or Russia, where writing the smallest, most elegant virus programs has become a matter of quirky pride. Viruses are transmitted either by shared disks (as was Michelangelo) or over telephone lines. The virus program hides in a computer until, activated by a date, time, or some other trigger, it springs to life. The most common virus, Stoned, makes your screen announce: “Your computer is now stoned. Legalize marijuana. ” (Regardless of your politics, you don’t want this one around; it can damage your files inadvertently.) Solution: either keep your computer isolated—no trading disks, no on-line communication—or else install one of a dozen or so commercially available anti-virus programs that detect and delete the little time bombs. If they can come up with a virus that is hidden, will they next try to extort a business?—as in, pay me $1 million or my virus will destroy your system.

　　In the meantime, money is being made by firms selling anti-virus programs. Egghead software stores logged a 3,000 percent jump in anti-virus sales. Was the threat overblown by the companies that make millions selling anti-virus software? Thanks to the media blitz, no one will ever know what might have happened—an unallied number of computer owners discovered and deleted Michelangelo before it was supposed to strike—on the artist’s birthday.

　　13. The much-feared M-day was ________.

　　A. Friday-the-13th when the eponymous virus was due to strike

　　B. Friday-the-15th when the Maltese Amoeba would be activated

　　C. the previous Friday when Michelangelo virus was due to strike

　　D. the previous Friday which coincided with the artist's birthday

　　14. Computer viruses are ________.

　　A. diseases spread from one computer to another by shared disks

　　B. viruses hidden in a computer’s instructions by the designers

　　C. little time bombs hidden in a computer waiting to be triggered

　　D. just those computer programs created by malevolent designers

　　15. Which of the following sayings fits the Michelangelo virus?

　　A. A burnt child dreads the fire.        B. The bug’s bark was worse than its bite.

　　C. A barking dog seldom bites.         D. Once bitten, twice shy.

　　16. The author implies that in days to come the viruses might be used ________.

　　A. to destroy data                            B. to commit crimes

　　C. to commit mischief                      D. to create confusion

　　E

　　The public commonly associates steroid use with big-time athletics. But the drugs may be even more of a menace to teenagers. The synthetic hormones can stunt a young person’s growth by prematurely closing the ends of the long bones in the skeleton. That means a 1.7 metre, 15-year-old high school student who uses steroids “might get bigger but won’t get any taller”, according to a US doctor.

　　Nearly seven percent of boys in the US try steroids before the end of high school, according to a 1988 study by professors Charles Yesalis and William Buckley, of Penn State University. The estimate comes from a poll of 3,400 seniors in 46 public and private schools across the US.

　　“Abusers of Steroids did it to improve their appearance and to excel at sports,” Professor Yesalis said. “Parents, teachers and coaches make boys believe that to be an ideal male you need to have these. Then they say: ‘you can’t play games to have fun; you play games to win.’”

　　“Such attitudes put many high school athletes at high risk of becoming abusers of steroids,” said Mike Gimbel, director of Baltimore County Office of substance Abuse. “For these athletes, the pressure to perform is incredible,” he said. “It was inevitable that it would seep down to high school level.”

　　17. The word “big-time” in Paragraph 1 most nearly means “________”.

　　A. long time               B. good time            C. top rank               D. modern

　　18. Why are steroids even more of a threat to teenagers?

　　A. Because they make teenagers grow too tall.

　　B. Because they make teenagers get too big.

　　C. Because they prevent teenagers from getting taller and taller.

　　D. Because they give teenagers too much pressure.

　　19. Which of the following statements is implied but not mentioned?

　　A. School athletes have too much pressure.

　　B. Steroids can help people have lots of muscles.

　　C. The pressure chiefly comes from parents, teachers and coaches.

　　D. Girls are not interested in steroids.

　　20. Which of the following is a good title for this passage?

　　A. Drugs and Sports

　　B. The Pressure to School Boys are Too Much

　　C. School Boys are Interested in Drugs

　　D. School Athletes Risk Damage from Drugs

　　【答案與解析】

　　1. B 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章首句可得出答案。

　　2. C  事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。a pile of things 指的就是 a lot of luggage。

　　3. D  語義理解題。劃線句子和答案的意思是“金窩銀窩，不如自己的草窩”。

　　4. B  推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第 3 段第 1 句話的提示，可以推出答案。

　　5. D  事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第 4 到第 6 段均提到 A、B、C 所含的內(nèi)容。

　　6. A  推理判斷題。文章第 4 段有較詳細(xì)的描述。尤其是這一段最后3句點(diǎn)明了女孩青春期變化的一些情況。

　　7. C  推理判斷題。媽媽的乖乖女是不會穿比較露的衣服的。

　　8. A  事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從第 6 段的第 1 句話 …a mother starts to feel left out… 得知答案。

　　9. D  推理判斷題。本題應(yīng)從全文來看。從大選完畢到結(jié)果尚未公布之間為權(quán)力空白期。

　　10. C  推理判斷題。由文章第 1 段第 1 句和第 3、4 句可以推斷，此處的 The greatest strike for America’s Power 指美國大選。

　　11. D  事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第 1 段最后幾句可知：不管大選的結(jié)果是否與他們的投票一致，美國人都會贊成并支持這一結(jié)果。

　　12. A  推理判斷題。由第 1 段倒數(shù)第 2 句 The general vote is…the only substitute for violence and blood 可知，言下之意，沒有大選，就可能導(dǎo)致因爭奪權(quán)力而發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭。

　　13. C  事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第 1 句中的 last Friday 可知答案。

　　14. D  推理判斷題。根據(jù)一般常識，電腦病毒肯定是由搞惡作劇的人設(shè)計的電腦程序。文章的第 2 段有較為詳細(xì)的敘述。

　　15. B  推理判斷題。該病毒可以被認(rèn)為是“臭蟲狂吠，但并無惡意”。

　　16. B  事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第 2 段的最后兩句話就是答案。

　　17. C  詞義猜測題。文章第 1 句話“人們通常把類固醇與高難度運(yùn)動項(xiàng)目聯(lián)系起來”便是答案。

　　18. C  事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第 1 段最后兩句較為詳細(xì)地說明原由。

　　19. D  推理判斷題。文章第 2、4 段只談到男生服用類固醇而沒有提到女生。

　　20. D  主旨大意題。文章最后一節(jié)點(diǎn)出主題。